These three katas are the representation of the advanced form of kata taught by Gichin Funakoshi. A deeper understanding of breathing, muscle contraction/expansion and timing is essential in the form of advanced kata. Only 15 out of the standard 26 Shotokan kata was taught by Gichin Funakoshi though he taught Taikyoku kata and Ten No kata. This includes 5 Heian, 3 Tekki, 4 Sentei and 3 advanced kata.